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5, winding short circuit, turn-to-turn short circuit, phase-to-phase short circuit and winding open circuit
After the insulation between two adjacent wires in the winding is damaged, the two conductors are collided, which is called a winding short circuit. A short circuit in a winding that occurs in the same winding is called a turn-to-turn short circuit. A winding short circuit occurring between two phase windings is called an interphase short circuit. Either way, it will increase the current of one phase or two phases, causing local heating, causing insulation aging to damage the motor. Winding open circuit is a fault caused by the stator or rotor winding of the motor being broken or blown. Whether the winding is short-circuited or open circuit may cause the motor to heat up or even burn out. Therefore, this situation must be stopped immediately after this happens.
6. Material leaks into the motor to reduce the insulation of the motor, thus allowing the motor to lower the temperature rise.
Solid materials or dust entering the motor from the junction box will reach between the stator and rotor air gaps of the motor, causing the motor to sweep until the motor winding insulation is worn out, causing the motor to be damaged or scrapped. If liquid and gaseous media leak into the motor, it will directly cause the motor insulation to drop and trip. Generally, liquid and gas leaks have the following manifestations:
(1) Leakage of various containers and conveying pipes, leakage of pump seals, flushing equipment and the ground.
(2) After the mechanical oil leaks, enter the motor from the gap of the front bearing housing.
(3) The oil seal such as the reducer connected to the motor wears, and the mechanical lubricating oil enters along the motor shaft. After accumulating inside the motor, the motor insulation paint is dissolved, so that the insulation performance of the motor is gradually reduced.
7. Almost half of the motors burned out due to the lack of phase operation of the motor.
The lack of phase often causes the motor to be inoperable or the speed is slow after starting, or the rotating forceless current increases the "click" sound. If the load on the shaft does not change, the motor is in a severe overload state and the stator current will reach 2 times or higher of the rated value. The motor will heat up or burn out in a short time. The main reasons for the lack of phase operation are as follows:
(1) A phase failure occurs on the power line due to other equipment failures, and other three-phase equipment connected to the line will run out of phase.
(2) One phase of the circuit breaker or contactor is phase-depleted due to partial voltage burnout or poor contact.
(3) The phase loss of the motor access line due to aging, wear and other reasons.
(4) The one-phase winding of the motor is broken, or the one-phase connector in the junction box is loose.
8, other non-mechanical electrical failure causes
Other motor failures caused by non-mechanical electrical faults may cause motor failure in severe cases. If the ambient temperature is high, the motor lacks a fan, the fan is incomplete, or the fan cover is missing. In this case, cooling must be forced to ensure ventilation or replacement of blades, otherwise the normal operation of the motor cannot be guaranteed.
In summary, in order to be able to use the correct method for motor fault handling, you must be familiar with the characteristics and causes of common motor faults, seize key factors, and regularly check and maintain. In this way, it is possible to take fewer detours, save time, eliminate faults as soon as possible, and keep the motor in normal operation. Thereby ensuring the normal production of the workshop.
