The China Automotive Dc Motor factory tells you the basic structure of the DC motor and how it works.
The role of a DC motor is to convert the input voltage signal(ie, the control voltage) into an angular displacement or angular velocity output on the shaft. It is often used as an execution element in an automatic control system, so a DC motor is also called a DC motor. Its biggest feature is that the rotor rotates immediately when there is a control voltage, and the rotor stops immediately when there is no control voltage. The steering and rotation speed of the shaft are determined by the direction and size of the control voltage.
1. Basic structure of DC motor
The traditional DC motor is a small ordinary DC motor, which has two types of excitation and permanent magnet, and its structure is basically the same as that of an ordinary DC motor.
The rotor of the cup armature DC motor is made of a hollow cup cylinder made of non-magnetic material. The rotor is light and the moment of inertia is small and the response is fast. The rotor rotates between the inner and outer stators made of soft magnetic materials with a large air gap.
Brushless DC motors use electronic reversing devices instead of traditional brushes and commutators to make them more reliable. Its stator core structure is basically the same as that of ordinary DC motors. It is embedded with multi-phase winding and the rotor is made of permanent magnetic material.
2. Working Principle of DC Motor
The basic working principle of the traditional DC motor is exactly the same as that of the ordinary DC motor. The electromagnetic torque is generated by the interaction of the armature current and the air gap flux, which causes the DC motor to rotate. Armature control is usually used, that is, under the condition that the excitation voltage is unchanged, the speed is adjusted by changing the armature voltage. The smaller the armature voltage, the lower the speed; When the armature voltage is zero, the motor stops. Since the armature voltage is zero and the armature current is also zero, the motor does not produce electromagnetic torque and there will be no "rotation".
