Stepper motor classification
1, stepper motor knot classification
Stepper motors are also called pulse motors, including reactive stepper motors (VR), permanent magnet stepper motors (PM), and hybrid stepper motors (HB).
(1) Reactive stepper motor:
Also called inductive, hysteresis or magnetoresistive stepper motors. The stator and the rotor are made of soft magnetic material. The large magnetic poles evenly distributed on the stator are equipped with multi-phase excitation windings, and the small teeth and slots are evenly distributed around the stator and the rotor. After the energization, the torque is generated by the change of the magnetic permeability. Generally three, four, five, six phases; can achieve large torque output (high power consumption, current up to 20A, high driving voltage); small step angle (minimum one-sixth degree) There is no positioning torque when the power is off; the damping inside the motor is small, and the single-step operation (when the pulse frequency is very low) has a longer oscillation time; the starting and running frequency is higher.
(2) Permanent magnet stepping motor:
Generally, the rotor of the motor is made of permanent magnet material. The stator made of soft magnetic material has multi-phase excitation windings. There are no small teeth and slots around the stator and the rotor. After the power is applied, the permanent magnets interact with the stator current magnetic field to generate torque. Generally two-phase or four-phase; small output torque (less power consumption, current is generally less than 2A, driving voltage 12V); large step angle (such as 7.5 degrees, 15 degrees, 22.5 degrees, etc.); The holding torque; the starting and running frequency is low.
(3) Hybrid stepper motor:
Also known as permanent magnet reactive and permanent magnet inductive stepper motors, the advantages of permanent magnet and reactive are mixed. There is no difference between the stator and the four-phase reactive stepping motor (but the two magnetic poles of the same phase are opposite, and the N and S polarities of the windings on the two magnetic poles must be the same), and the rotor structure is complicated (the inner part of the rotor is cylindrical forever) Magnet, soft magnetic material on both ends, with small teeth and grooves around). Generally two or four phases; positive and negative pulse signals must be supplied; output torque is larger than permanent magnets (less power consumption); step angle is smaller than permanent magnets (typically 1.8 degrees); Positioning torque; high starting and running frequency; it is a stepping motor that is developing rapidly.
2, stepper motor according to the way of work
(1) Power type: The output torque is large, which can directly drive a large load (usually using reactive type, hybrid stepping motor).
(2) Servo type: The output torque is small and can only drive small loads (usually using permanent magnet type and hybrid stepping motor).
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