Single-phase motor capacitor wiring diagram and connection explanation

Single-phase motor capacitor wiring diagram and connection explanation

The 220V AC single-phase motor starting method is roughly divided into several types:

The first type, the split-phase starting type, as shown in Fig. 1, is assisted by the auxiliary starting winding, and its starting torque is not large. The operating rate remains approximately constant. Mainly used in electric fans, air conditioning fan motors, washing machines and other motors.

Secondly, when the motor is stationary, the centrifugal switch is turned on. After the power is supplied, the starting capacitor participates in the starting work. When the rotor speed reaches 70% to 80% of the rated value, the centrifugal switch will automatically jump off, and the starting capacitor completes the task. Was disconnected. The starting winding does not participate in the running operation, and the motor continues to operate in the running winding coil, as shown in Figure 2.

Third, when the motor is stationary, the centrifugal switch is turned on. After the power is supplied, the starting capacitor participates in the starting work. When the rotor speed reaches 70% to 80% of the rated value, the centrifugal switch will automatically jump off, and the starting capacitor completes the task. Was disconnected. The running capacitor is connected to the start winding to participate in the operation. This connection is generally used in places where air compressors, cutting machines, woodworking machines, etc. are heavily loaded and unstable. As shown in Figure 3.

A motor with a centrifugal switch, if the motor cannot be started successfully in a short time, the winding coil will burn out quickly. Capacitance value: Double-valued capacitor motor, large capacity of starting capacitor, small capacity of running capacitor, and withstand voltage is generally greater than 400V.

Positive and negative control:

Figure 4 is a wiring diagram with a forward and reverse switch. Generally, the starting winding of this motor has the same resistance value as the running winding, that is, the starting winding and the running winding of the motor are exactly the same in wire diameter and number of coils. This type of motor is generally used in washing machines. This method of forward and reverse control is simple and does not require complicated switching switches.

If the reverse switch is applied to the three-phase motor, it does not need any modification. For example, the single-phase motor is used for commutation, and the red, blue line is connected to the power supply. The black line is the start winding coil lead-out line, and the white line runs the winding. The coil lead-out line, a gray line on the left side is the jumper that is connected later, and the forward-reverse switching is reversed by the cross-connecting piece of the switch. The disadvantage of this switch is that there is still a line after the switch is turned off. Closed, so there is no guarantee on security.