On the Necessity of Developing Pure Electric Vehicles in China
As the world's largest manufacturing country, the energy forms are also diverse, but in recent years, the country has greatly promoted the development of pure electric vehicles, and has given many support in policy. What are the necessary factors for the development of pure electric vehicles in such a strong way?
I. Improving China's energy structure
China is the world's largest coal consumer and the second largest consumer of crude oil. It has a huge dependence on fossil energy. At present, China's dependence on imported oil has reached 58%. This has brought enormous energy risks to our country, and it has also brought tremendous pressure on the environment. As a secondary energy source, electric energy is rich in forms of conversion, and all kinds of clean energy can be converted into electric energy, which can greatly reduce China's dependence on fossil energy and improve China's energy structure.
Vigorously developing pure electric vehicles is an important part of China's development of new energy strategy, and it is also necessary for environmental protection work. According to experts' prediction, electric vehicles will be an essential means of transportation for human beings in the future.
Second, improve energy efficiency
As we all know, the traditional car uses the internal combustion engine to convert the chemical energy of steam and diesel into kinetic energy, but the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine, that is, the automobile engine is only 20% to 40%, plus the loss in the process of crude oil extraction, refining, processing, etc. The average energy utilization is only about 14%.
The relevant data show that even if the heavy oil is used to generate electricity, then the electric output of the power plant (during heavy oil refining, power plant thermoelectric conversion, power transmission, battery charging and discharging, motor loss, etc.) can also be used in the motor output shaft of the electric vehicle. Get about 20% energy. If you do not use heavy oil to generate electricity, but use other power generation methods, the energy utilization rate will be higher.
Relevant calculations show that if electric energy is converted by new energy, pure electric vehicles can save 70% energy compared with fuel vehicles, and the cost can be saved by about 50%. Improving the efficiency of energy use is an important support for building a conservation-oriented society in China.
Third, adjust the grid load balance
The diurnal load imbalance of the power grid is a global problem. Taking Shanghai as an example, the peak-to-valley load difference of the power grid has reached 60%. The peak-to-valley load difference of the grid in Beijing has also exceeded 40%. The development of pure electric vehicles can effectively solve this problem. Some people have calculated that if an electric vehicle charges 50 kWh of electric energy at night, hundreds of thousands of electric vehicles are equivalent to the peaking task of a 10 kW class power plant.
With nighttime charging, the existing power grid can already meet the power requirements for electric vehicle development in the next few years. At the same time, this not only solves the problem of charging the electric vehicle, but also helps to adjust the nighttime load imbalance of the power grid.
Fourth, China has huge advantages
The core technology of electric vehicles is “three batteries”, “battery, motor, and electric control”. Lithium and rare earths used in the production of batteries and motors are rich in reserves in China, among which lithium resources are the third largest in the world, and rare earth resources are the world’s largest. One. At present, in the market of rare earth products, China's output accounts for more than 90% of the world market. Therefore, from the perspective of resources, China has the natural advantage of developing electric vehicles.
In addition to the above reasons, since pure electric vehicles are a brand-new field, the development of countries around the world is basically at the same starting line. There is little gap in technology and the development environment is good.
