Design of Stepping Motor Control System Based on Single Chip Microcomputer
The stepper motor control system realized by single-chip microcomputer has the characteristics of low cost and flexible use, and is widely used in numerical control machine tools, robots, quantitative feed, industrial automatic control and various controllable mechanical tools with positioning requirements. The stepping motor is a digitally controlled motor that converts the pulse signal into an angular displacement. The speed and stop position of the motor depend on the frequency of the pulse signal and the number of pulses, and are not affected by the load change. In the non-overload state, according to the above linear relationship In addition, the stepper motor has only periodic error and no cumulative error, so the stepper motor is suitable for single-chip control. The stepping motor is controlled by inputting a pulse signal, that is, the total rotation angle of the motor is determined by the total number of input pulses, and the rotation speed of the motor is determined by the frequency of the pulse signal. The driving circuit of the stepping motor works according to the control signal generated by the single chip microcomputer. Therefore, the single chip microcomputer can realize the control of the stepping motor by transmitting a control signal to the stepping motor driving circuit.
1 system design principle
The stepping motor control system is mainly composed of four modules: single chip microcomputer, keyboard LED, drive/amplification and PC upper computer. The PC module is the software control part. The functions that the control system can realize: 1) Start/pause steps through the keyboard Into the motor, set the speed of the stepper motor and change the steering of the stepper motor; 2) display the stepping speed and steering and other working states through the LED tube; 3) realize the control of the three-phase or four-phase stepping motor: 4) pass The PC host computer controls the stepping motor (start and stop, speed and steering, etc.). In order to protect the hardware circuit of the single-chip control system, an overcurrent protection circuit is added between the single-chip microcomputer and the stepping motor.
