Application of S120 Drive Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor in Elevator
1 system working principle and components
1.1 System components
The elevator is an electric motor-powered vertical lift with a box-shaped pod for multi-storey buildings to take passengers or carry cargo. The two ends of the traction rope are respectively connected with the car and the counterweight, and are wound around the traction sheave and the guide wheel. The traction motor drives the traction sheave by the shifting of the reducer, and the traction force generated by the friction between the traction rope and the traction sheave is generated. To achieve the lifting movement of the car and the counterweight for transportation purposes.
Elevator system consists of:
Traction system: The main function of the traction system is to output and transmit power to make the elevator run. The traction system is mainly composed of a traction machine, a traction wire rope, a guide wheel and a reverse rope wheel.
Guide system: The main function of the guide system is to limit the freedom of movement of the car and the counterweight so that the car and the counterweight can only move up and down along the guide rail. The guiding system is mainly composed of a guide rail, a guide shoe and a rail frame.
Car: The car is an elevator component that carries passengers and cargo and is the working part of the elevator. The car is composed of a car frame and a car body.
Door system: The main function of the door system is to seal the landing entrance and the car entrance. The door system consists of a car door, a landing door, a door opener, and a door lock device.
Weight balance system: The main function of the system is to balance the weight of the car. In the elevator work, the weight difference between the car and the counterweight can be kept within the limit, and the traction drive of the elevator is guaranteed to be normal. The system consists mainly of counterweight and weight compensation devices.
Electric drive system: The function of the electric drive system is to provide power and implement elevator speed control. The electric drive system is composed of a traction motor, a power supply system, a speed feedback device, and a motor speed control device.
Electrical Control System: The main function of the electrical control system is to operate and control the operation of the elevator. The electrical control system is mainly composed of an operating device, a position display device, a control panel (cabinet), a leveling device, a layer selection device and the like.
Safety protection system: Ensure the safe use of the elevator and prevent all accidents that endanger personal safety. It consists of elevator speed limiter, safety clamp, rope clamp, buffer, safety touch panel, landing door lock, elevator safety window, elevator overload limit device and limit switch device.
This article mainly introduces the electric drive system.
Electric drive system control scheme and debugging
The electric drive system is composed of a traction motor, a power supply system, a speed feedback device, and a motor speed control device.
The main drive part of the traction system can be divided into a geared traction machine and a gearless traction machine.
Geared traction machine: It consists of motor, brake, gearbox, cranking device and base, as well as rotary encoder, thermal protection, brake closing confirmation switch and wiring device. The main model is a worm gear drive traction machine.
Gearless traction machine: It consists of motor, brake, cranking device and base, as well as rotary encoder, thermal protection, brake closing confirmation switch and wiring device. The main model is a permanent magnet synchronous gearless traction machine.
The gearless traction machine driven by permanent magnet synchronous motor eliminates the traditional worm gear reducer due to the use of gearless traction technology, which greatly reduces the noise of the machine room. Compared with gear products, it can reduce the noise by more than 10 decibels; no lubricating oil is needed. In addition to oil pollution, it is more environmentally friendly. The permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor is composed of high-performance permanent magnets, and has no excitation current, which greatly improves the running performance of the motor. Because the mechanical transmission efficiency of the worm gear is relatively low, the permanent magnet synchronous gearless drive system has higher efficiency and lower power consumption than the worm gear drive system. In terms of safety, because of its simple structure and rigid straight-shaft braking, it can provide full-time up-and-down speed over-speed protection while utilizing the characteristics of reverse-generation power generation of permanent magnet synchronous motors to provide more elevator systems and passengers. Layer protection. In terms of application, because of the miniaturization and thinning characteristics of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine, the matching of the elevator configuration and the integration space between the buildings is greatly improved, which provides the architects with more flexible design space, and also Indirectly improved the use of people's space and the quality of use. The mainstream vertical elevators on the market now use permanent magnet synchronous traction machines.
Because of the advantages of the above-mentioned permanent magnet synchronous gearless traction machine compared with the conventional geared traction machine, the permanent magnet synchronous gearless traction machine has been popularized in the elevator industry in recent years. At present, the utilization rate of gearless traction machines in domestic manned elevators has reached 60%. The current annual passenger output in China is 200,000 units, and the annual sales volume of gearless traction machines is 120,000 units. The total output value is 20%. About 100 million.
