When a motor short circuit occurs, the following phenomena occur:
1) A large circulating current will flow through the short-circuited coil (usually 2- to 10-fold of the normal current), causing the coil to heat up severely;
2) Three-phase current imbalance, motor torque is reduced;
3) Producing noise;
4) When the short circuit is severe, the motor cannot start with load.
At the beginning of the turn-to-turn short circuit, only two wires may be in contact due to the insulation at the overlap.
Due to the circulation in the short-circuit line, the coil is heated rapidly, further damaging the insulation of the adjacent wires, so that the number of turns of the short circuit is increasing and the fault is expanded.
When the number of short-circuit turns is sufficient, the fuse will be blown, and even the winding will burn and smoke.
When a phase difference occurs in one phase of the three-phase winding, the number of turns of the phase winding is reduced, and the three-phase current of the stator is unbalanced. Unbalanced three-phase currents cause the motor to vibrate while producing an abnormal sound.
The average torque of the motor drops significantly, and it becomes weak when the load is dragged.
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