Drive motor genre, read industry trends
Large to air conditioners, refrigerators, washing machines, small fans, hair dryers, razors, you can see the figure of the motor everywhere, so many people still know about the motor in the understanding of the industrial motor in the home appliance, and today we The car drive motors to be said are very different from these motors. In the era of traditional fuel vehicles, the engine is called the heart of the car, because it is the core component of energy conversion, and in the era of electric vehicles, the motor becomes the new "power heart" of the vehicle, and this "heart" faces installation space. Small, poor working conditions, special working environment such as large vibration, large impact, and severe corrosion. Therefore, the driving motor of the automobile manufacturing industry needs to have high density, small volume, high power, high torque, reliability, durability and low cost. .
"Three major schools" rule the drive motor
Knowing the characteristics of the drive motor, let's take a look at the current situation on the market. At present, the motors driven by new energy vehicles can be mainly divided into three major schools: switched reluctance motors, permanent magnet synchronous motors, and AC asynchronous motors. These three genres of motors are applied to commercial vehicles and according to different structures and performances. Passenger car field.
In the field of commercial vehicles, switched reluctance motors are commonly used. The genre's drive motor can be seen from the naming of its two basic properties, one is switchability, and the other is magnetoresistance. Switchability means that the motor must operate in a continuous switching mode, while magnetoresistance means that the stator and rotor of the motor have a variable reluctance magnetic circuit. Switched reluctance motors have obvious advantages, such as simple structure, wide speed range, stable and reliable performance, and lower cost. However, there are also shortcomings such as large torque fluctuation, high noise, and nonlinear system. These problems are for passenger cars. It is difficult to accept, so it is only adopted by commercial vehicles on a large scale.
The permanent magnet synchronous motor has a rotor with a permanent magnet wrapped therein, and the stator generates torque to push the rotor to rotate around the axis, and the magnetic fields of the stator and the rotor are synchronized. These motors are mainly used in the passenger car field due to their high efficiency, high power density and small size. They are highly sought after in the domestic market, but the cost of permanent magnet materials is relatively high and the cost is high. The main new energy vehicles have BYD, Geely and so on.
In order to be able to cut the magnetic induction line, the AC asynchronous motor generates an induced current. The rotation speed of the rotor is always slower than the rotational speed of the rotating magnetic field of the stator, which means asynchronous operation. This type of motor has a relatively simple structure and low cost, but has the disadvantages of large size and heavy weight. It is used in both passenger cars and commercial vehicles. It represents Tesla and Weilai.
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