Characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous, AC asynchronous and switched reluctance and application occasions
The permanent magnet synchronous motor has small volume, light weight, high power density, high reliability, high speed regulation precision and fast response speed; but the maximum power is low and the cost is high. Because the permanent magnet synchronous motor has the highest power density, its working efficiency is up to 97%, which can output the maximum power and acceleration for the vehicle. Therefore, it is mainly used in the new energy passenger car with the highest energy-volume ratio.
AC asynchronous motors are low in price and reliable in operation; however, their low power density, complex control, and small speed range are inherent limitations. The price advantage makes it more widely used in new energy buses.
The price of the switched reluctance motor is low, the circuit is simple and reliable, and the speed regulation range is wide; but the vibration and noise are large, the control system is complicated, and a large pulse current is generated for the DC power supply. For large passenger cars.
Among them, Japanese and Korean cars currently use permanent magnet motors, the speed range and efficiency are relatively high, but the use of expensive system permanent magnet material NdFeB is required; European and American cars use AC induction motors, mainly for rare earths. The lack of resources and the reduction of motor cost are mainly due to the small speed range and low efficiency, which requires higher performance governors to match performance.
