1. The DC power supply current flows along the positive pole of the power supply to the brush on the left. The brush and the commutator rub against each other. The current flows into the coil through the left commutator, flows out from the right side of the coil, flows back to the negative pole of the power supply through the right commutator and the right brush, forming a closed loop.
2. Since the coil is in the magnetic field of the main magnetic pole, the coil will be affected by the electromagnetic force. Since the two sides of the coil have different directions of current, the two sides of the coil are affected by electromagnetic forces of the same magnitude and opposite directions. These two electromagnetic forces just form electromagnetic torque. Under the pull of electromagnetic torque, the coil begins to rotate. The coil in the DC motor is embedded in the rotor slot, and the motor begins to rotate.
3. The left and right commutator segments chirp along with the rotating shaft The brush is fixed, and after one rotation, the right coil goes to the left and the left coil goes to the right. However, due to the existence of the commutator, the current direction of the coil on the left is the same as the current direction of the coil on the left, so the direction of the electromagnetic force remains unchanged, and the same is true for the right. Therefore, from a spatial point of view, the direction of the electromagnetic force on the coil at the same position is always unchanged, which ensures the cyclic rotation of the motor.
4. However, for a coil, since the magnetic field is different when the coil rotates to different positions, the electromagnetic force on the coil is also constantly changing, so the coil rotates unstably, sometimes fast and sometimes slow. Therefore, you can install more coils to ensure that the coil is evenly and stably stressed.
