Wind turbine control system
A brief description of a wind power control system
The wind power control system includes an on-site wind turbine control unit, a high-speed ring-type redundant fiber-optic Ethernet, and a remote host computer operator station. The on-site wind turbine control unit is the core of each fan control, which realizes the functions of unit parameter monitoring, automatic power generation control and equipment protection; each wind turbine is equipped with an in-situ HMI human-machine interface for local operation, commissioning and Maintenance unit; high-speed ring-type redundant fiber-optic Ethernet is the system's data highway, which sends the unit's real-time data to the host computer interface; the host computer operator station is the operation monitoring core of the wind power plant, and has complete unit status monitoring, Parameter alarm, real-time/historical data recording and other functions, the operator realizes the operation monitoring and operation of the wind group organic group in the control room.
The Wind Turbine Control Unit (WPCU) is the control core of each wind turbine and is distributed in the tower and nacelle of the unit. Due to the harsh operating environment of the wind turbine, the reliability requirements of the control system are very high, and the wind power control system is designed for the operation requirements of large wind farms. It should have high environmental adaptability and anti-electromagnetic interference capabilities. The system structure is as follows:
The field control station of the wind power control system includes: tower main controller cabinet, cabin control station cabinet, pitch system, converter system, on-site touch screen station, Ethernet switch, fieldbus communication network, UPS power supply, emergency shutdown backup system Wait. The network structure of the wind power control system is shown in Figure 1:
1. Tower control station
The tower control station, that is, the main controller cabinet is the core of wind turbine equipment control, mainly including controllers, I/O modules, and so on. The controller hardware uses a 32-bit processor, and the system software uses a strong real-time operating system. The various types of complex master control logic of the running unit communicate with the cabin controller cabinet, the pitch system, and the converter system through the field bus. In order to make the unit run at its best.
The configuration of the controller adopts a configuration function with rich functions and friendly interface, and adopts the configuration method conforming to the IEC61131-3 standard, including: function diagram (FBD), instruction list (LD), sequential function block (SFC), ladder diagram. , structured text and other configuration methods.
2. Engine room control station
The cabin control station collects signals such as temperature, pressure, speed and environmental parameters measured by the unit sensor, communicates with the main control station of the unit through the field bus, and the main controller controls the rack through the cabin to realize the functions of yaw and cable unwinding of the unit. It also controls various auxiliary motors, oil pumps and fans in the engine room to make the unit work at its best.
3, pitch system
Large-scale MW-class wind turbines usually use hydraulic pitch systems or electric pitch systems. The pitch system is controlled by the front controller to the pitch drive of the three fan blades. It is the execution unit of the main controller. It communicates with the main controller using CANOPEN to adjust the pitch of the three blades to work optimally. status. The pitch system has a backup power system and safety chain protection to ensure emergency shutdown in critical conditions.
4, converter system
Large-scale wind turbines currently use high-power converters to realize the transformation of power generation. The converter system communicates with the main controller through the fieldbus to adjust the speed, active power and reactive power of the unit.
5, the site touch screen station
The on-site touch screen station is the local operation station for unit monitoring, which realizes the local parameters setting, equipment debugging and maintenance functions of the wind turbine. It is the on-site host computer operator station of the unit control system.
6, Ethernet switch (HUB)
The system uses industrial Ethernet switches to connect the controller of a single unit, the touch screen of the field, and the network of the remote control center. The on-site cabinet is connected by a common twisted pair cable, and the remote control room upper computer is connected by an optical cable.
7, on-site communication network
The main controller has various types of field bus interfaces such as CANOPEN, PROFIBUS, MODBUS, Ethernet, etc., which can be configured according to the actual needs of the project.
8, UPS power supply
The UPS power supply is used to ensure the power supply of the unit control system, the critical protection system and the relevant execution unit in the event of an external power failure.
9. Backup critical safety chain system
The backup critical safety chain system is independent of the hardware protection measures of the computer system, and even if the control system is abnormal, it will not affect the normal operation of the safety chain. The safety chain is an emergency circuit that connects the abnormal faults that may cause fatal damage to the wind turbine. When the safety chain is activated, it will cause an emergency shutdown and the unit will be disconnected from the network to ensure the safety of the unit to the utmost.
