Why is the vibration and noise problem of electric motor motors outstanding?
The motor has vibration and noise hazards, but the electric drive motor is more prominent. This aspect is because the requirements are more stringent, because the vibration of the motor can easily cause secondary vibration and coupled vibration of the components such as the reducer and the frame through transmission; on the other hand, the working condition characteristics of the electric vehicle application also produce a comparison with the motor. Large constraints that can exacerbate vibration and noise problems. For example, high magnetic density problems and concentrated winding problems.
The electric drive motor pursues high power density and high torque density in performance, and economically emphasizes low cost. This results in a gradual reduction in the design air gap and a gradual increase in the air gap magnetic density. The final high magnetic density problem is reflected in the noise and vibration levels of the motor.
In recent years, in the field of low-speed car mini-cars, many concentrated winding motors have appeared. The concentrated winding is a motor with a close-to-slot ratio and a winding span of 1. On the one hand, this design is because the winding ends are small, which can reduce the amount of copper used. On the other hand, in order to meet the needs of large-scale automated production, the concentrated winding can be directly wound automatically, and the production efficiency is extremely high. But concentrated windings bring a lot of vibration and noise challenges. This is because the fractional-slot structure of the concentrated winding produces a large number of low-order tooth harmonics that are easily paired with the fundamental wave to produce electromagnetic waves of low spatial order. The electromagnetic force of low space times easily excites a large vibration response on the casing and the stator, and is accompanied by noise problems.
With the increase in the requirements for cruising range, the light weight trend of electric vehicles is obvious. On the one hand, the thickness of the casing and stator of the motor body is further reduced, and the quality of the reducer, axle and frame is also declining. This results in a decrease in the stiffness of both the body and the system, and the same electromagnetic force excitation produces a greater vibrational response and may also cause greater noise.
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