★What is a brushed motor?
Answer: When the motor is working, the coil and the commutator rotate, but the magnetic steel and the carbon brush do not rotate. The alternating change of the current direction of the coil is accomplished by the commutator and brush that rotate with the motor. In the electric vehicle industry, brushed motors are divided into high-speed brushed motors and low-speed brushed motors. There are many differences between brushed motors and brushless motors. It can be seen from the words that brushed motors have carbon brushes, and brushless motors do not have carbon brushes.
★What is a low-speed brushed motor? What are the characteristics?
Answer: In the electric vehicle industry, the low-speed brushed motor refers to a hub-type low-speed high-torque brushless DC motor without gear transmission. The relative speed of the stator and rotor of the motor is the speed of the wheel. The number of magnets on the stator is 5~7 pairs, and the number of slots of the rotor armature is 39~57. Since the armature windings are fixed in the wheel housing, the heat is easily dissipated by the rotating housing. The rotating shell is woven with 36 spokes, which is more conducive to the conduction of heat. Skilled training WeChat account deserves your attention!
★What are the characteristics of brushed and toothed motors?
Answer: There are brushes in brushed motors, and the main hidden danger is "brush wear". Users should note that brushed motors are divided into two types: toothed and toothless. At present, many manufacturers choose brushed and toothed motors, which are high-speed motors. The so-called "toothed" means to reduce the motor speed through the gear reduction mechanism (because the national standard stipulates that the speed of electric vehicles should not exceed 20 kilometers per hour, so the motor speed should be 170 rpm or so). Because the high-speed motor is decelerated by gears, it is characterized by the rider feeling strong power and strong climbing ability when starting. However, the electric wheel hub is closed, and it is only filled with lubricant before leaving the factory. It is difficult for users to carry out daily maintenance, and the gear itself also has mechanical wear. The lack of lubrication leads to aggravated gear wear and noise in about a year, and the current during use is also reduced. increase, affecting motor and battery life.
★What is a brushless motor?
Since the controller provides direct current with different current directions, the alternating current direction of the coil in the motor is achieved. There are no brushes and commutators between the rotor and stator of a brushless motor.
★How does the motor realize commutation?
Answer: When the brushless or brushed motor is rotating, the energization direction of the coil in the motor needs to be alternately changed, so that the motor can rotate continuously. The commutation of the brushed motor is completed by the commutator and the brush, and the brushless motor is completed by the controller.
★What is missing phase?
Answer: In the three-phase circuit of the brushless motor or the brushless controller, one phase cannot work. The lack of phase is divided into the lack of main phase and the lack of Hall phase. The performance is that the motor shakes and cannot work, or the rotation is weak and the noise is loud. The controller is very easy to burn out when it works in the state of lack of phase.
★What are the common types of motors?
Answer: Common motors include: brushed and geared hub motors, brushed gearless hub motors, brushless geared hub motors, brushless gearless hub motors, side-mounted motors, etc.
★How to distinguish high and low speed motors from the types of motors?
Answer: A Brushed and geared hub motors and brushless geared hub motors are high-speed motors;
B Brushless and gearless hub motors and brushless gearless hub motors are low-speed motors.
★How is the power of the motor defined?
Answer: The power of the motor refers to the ratio of the mechanical energy output by the motor to the electrical energy provided by the power supply.
★Why choose the power of the motor? What is the significance of choosing motor power?
Answer: The choice of motor rated power is a very important and complicated issue. During load, if the rated power of the motor is too large, the motor will often run at light load, the capacity of the motor itself cannot be fully utilized, and it becomes a "big horse-drawn cart". At the same time, the motor has low operating efficiency and poor performance, which will increase running costs. Conversely, if the rated power of the motor is required to be small, it is a "small horse-drawn cart". The motor current exceeds the rated current, the internal loss of the motor increases, and the efficiency is low. The important thing is to affect the life of the motor, even if there is not much overload , the life of the motor will also be reduced more; more overload will damage the insulation performance of the motor insulation material or even burn it. Of course, the rated power of the motor is small, and it may not be able to drag the load at all, which will cause the motor to be in the starting state for a long time and be damaged by overheating. Therefore, the rated power of the motor should be selected strictly according to the operation of the electric vehicle.
