4. What are the forms of BOM?
4.1 According to the purpose
The product has to undergo three stages of engineering design, process manufacturing design and manufacturing. Correspondingly, in these three processes, a list of materials with similar names but very different contents is produced, EBOM, PBOM and CBOM. These are the three main BOM concepts.
Engineering BOM - EBOM (EngineeringBOM):
The data structure used in product engineering design management, which usually accurately describes the design specifications of the product and the design relationship between the parts and the parts. The corresponding file forms mainly include product schedules, pattern catalogs, material quota schedules, product classification schedules, and so on.
Plan BOM - PBOM (PlanBOM):
It is the process engineer who designed the EBOM according to the processing level and capability of the factory. It is used in process design and manufacturing management, using it to clearly understand the manufacturing relationship between parts and parts, to track how parts are manufactured, where they are made, by whom, and by what. At the same time, PBOM is also one of the key management data structures for MRPII/ERP production management.
In fact, BOM is a broad concept. According to different purposes, BOM has many kinds; BOM on design drawings, planned BOM, manufacturing BOM for final product assembly, cost BOM for calculating cost, maintenance and repair BOM, etc. Depending on the application focus at different stages, we often see different BOM references. Common ones are:
Design BOM - DBOM (DesignBOM):
The DBOM of the design department is the overall information of the product, and the common text format representations include product schedules, pattern catalogs, material quota schedules, and so on.
The design BOM information source is generally the title bar and parts list information in the complete design drawings provided by the design department. Sometimes it also involves some information on the craft cards compiled by the process department.
Design BOMs are generally aggregated at the end of the design. If there are a large number of borrowing relationships, the design BOM can be summarized at the beginning of the design phase, and then the design tasks are scheduled according to the newly generated components.
The corresponding electronic view is often in the form of a product structure tree, and each node on the tree is associated with various attributes or graphical information. Mainly in the PDM software as the basic data of product management and document management.
Manufacturing BOM - MBOM (ManufacturingBOM):
The MBOM of the production department is based on EBOM and is perfected according to the manufacturing assembly requirements, including processing parts JBOM and PBOM such as blanks, molds and fixtures according to the process requirements. It can also be called a process BOM. The corresponding common text format expressions include the routing table, the key operation summary table, the important parts key parts list, the self-made parts list, the general parts list, the general special tool list, the equipment list, and so on.
Manufacturing BOM Information Sources The general process department prepares the contents of the process card, but designs the BOM as the basic data content.
Corresponding electronic view is often used to assemble the BOM part of the product parts. The parts are often in the form of BOM of the specific processing technology. The machining process BOM is more, or the process flow BOM is produced, and the tools and equipment are associated with each node on the tree. Process information such as working hours, processing sketches, etc. The most valuable use of the enterprise is the assembly process BOM, which is mainly used as the basic data of the production plan in the ERP software.
In each process or step, it is necessary to specifically indicate the part number, name and quantity to be loaded on this process.
Customer BOM - CBOM (CustomerBOM):
The customer BOM actually has two meanings, one is to filter out the product catalog ordered by the customer from all product organizations. A list of products of a specific specification ordered by the user. This is mainly a very useful form of expression for companies that manage and organize product drawings in accordance with their customers. This situation is more common in PDM systems. The situation in the ERP system is more complicated because it also considers the impact of different customer ordering products on the production plan, and may also extend to the scope of the planned BOM.
Sales BOM - SBOM (SALEBOM):
The sales BOM is a part of the product structure that is configured according to user requirements. Corresponding common text format representations include basic parts list, general parts list, special parts list, option list, replacement parts list, special request change notice, and so on.
The sales BOM information source is generally a summary of the detailed information of different types of parts and components of a series of products.
The corresponding electronic view is often in the form of a product configuration tree, with each node associated with various attributes or graphical information. Mainly in the PDM software as the basic data of product configuration management.
Repair BOM - WBOM:
The maintenance service department is generated according to the maintenance requirements. The corresponding text format includes the consumable parts list, spare parts list, and consumable parts list. The source of maintenance BOM information is generally selected from the design BOM corresponding record attributes to obtain consumables, spare parts, and consumable parts.
The summary is generally done in the PDM software, and can also be used as the basic data in the ERP software.
Purchasing BOM - CBOM:
It is produced according to the raw materials, standard parts and complete sets of parts purchased according to the production requirements. The corresponding text format mainly includes the purchased parts list, the external parts list, the self-made parts list and the material list.
The source of procurement BOM information is generally derived from the summary of information on the design drawings and process cards. The procurement plan and production plan are arranged by the purchasing department or the production preparation department.
PDM systems generally can summarize the corresponding procurement BOM information according to the drawings and process information, but if you want to obtain dynamic procurement BOM information for the product batch, you must complete it in the ERP system. For example, 100 batches of purchased BOM and 10,000 batches of purchased BOM may vary greatly in outsourcing and outsourcing. The outsourcing cost of parts that may be available in batch hours is relatively low, but it can be self-made when the batch size is large.
Cost BOM - CBOM (CostingBillOfMaterial):
It is produced by the MRPII system. When the enterprise defines the standard cost of the part, the recommended cost, and the current cost management standard, the system automatically generates the CBOM by accumulating the PBOM and the machining center. It is used for manufacturing cost control and cost variance analysis.
The most closely related integration is EBOM controlled by PDM and MBOM in MRPII.
