First, the basic structure of the ventilator and the role of each component
(1) Basic structure
The ventilator is generally composed of the main engine, air-oxygen mixer, gas source, humidifier and external pipe.
The whole machine is composed of south electric control box, mechanical arm, power cord, gas circuit box, oxygen gas pipeline, trolley, caster, simulated lung, water collector, temperature probe wire, pressure sampling port, humidifier, suction port, threaded tube, breath living flap, etc.
(2) Role of each component
1. The gas sources of ventilators are generally divided into electric gas supply and compressed gas sources.
If the ventilator electric motor is powered, a certain positive pressure airflow is generated through the compression pump or folding capsule, to supply gas to the patient, called electric mode.
If the ventilator uses a compressed gas pump, after filtration, decompression, humidification and other treatment, and then through the pipeline to the patient with gas supply, called pneumatic mode.
The electric ventilator has a relatively complex structure and has a wide range of adaptation. Pneumatic ventilator is relatively simple and light, but only suitable for compressed gas supply convenience. The gas source is the part of the gas needed to provide the patient to breathe.
Is to provide gas components —— gas, air compression system is the aerodynamic source of ventilator, it is oil-free, clean, low noise diaphragm type double cylinder air compressor, rely on the motor to drive two pistons do alternating up and down, compressed air into compressed air source with certain flow and pressure, through the gas transmission system for the host adjustment.
2. The main machine provides a respiratory management device. The main machine of the ventilator is composed of the control circuit, the mechanical moving parts and the air path. It combines air and oxygen with gas to supply patients according to the set parameters, including ventilation volume, pressure, flow rate, capacity, respiratory rate, breath-breathing ratio and selected ventilation methods. The host panel has three areas, and the main parameter display area is silicon indicating airway pressure, upper pressure limit setting, lower pressure limit setting, tidal volume, breath-breathing ratio, breathing rate, and ventilation mode selection. The parameter settings area is used for the setting adjustment of the various parameters.
Alarm area, pressure report pipe: monitor the tidal volume, monitoring the actual tidal volume of patients;
Monitoring of ventilation: monitoring the actual amount of ventilation per patient;
Total frequency monitoring: monitor the actual breathing rate of patients;
The system alarm does not mention the patient's ventilation fault prompt, from top to bottom, it is insufficient oxygen, pressure limit, pressure limit, suffocation.
3. The humidified heating device replaces the humidified heating function of the nasal cavity and oral cavity to the inhaled gas. The host machine provides the patient with a device to humidify the gas, called humidifiers. An atomizer is a device that atomizes a liquid. Gas humidification and liquid atomization can play a protective role in the patients' trachea and bronchial mucosa. Usually the component also has a heating device, namely, heating and humidification or heating and atomization, in order to bring the gas close to the person's body temperature and reduce the irritation to the patient. Humidification is commonly used by a steam generator or atomizer.
