Leading the era of automotive electronic control - how much do you know about the sensor

Leading the era of automotive electronic control - how much do you know about the sensor

The vehicle sensor is an input device of the automobile computer system. It converts various working condition information such as vehicle speed, temperature of various media, engine operating conditions, etc. into electrical signals to the computer, so that the engine is in the best. Working status. There are many sensors for vehicles. When judging the fault of the sensor, you should not only consider the sensor itself, but should consider the entire circuit in which the fault occurs. Therefore, in the search for faults, in addition to checking the sensor, check the wiring harness, the connector and the relevant circuit between the sensor and the electronic control unit.

One of the characteristics of automotive technology development is that more and more components are electronically controlled. According to the role of the sensor, it can be classified into measuring temperature, pressure, flow, position, gas concentration, speed, brightness, dry humidity, distance sensor, each of which performs its own duties. Once a sensor fails, the corresponding device will not work. Normal or not working. Therefore, the role of the sensor in the car is very important.

Automotive sensors used to be used exclusively on engines and have been extended to chassis, body and lighting electrical systems. These systems use more than 100 sensors. Among the wide variety of sensors, common ones are:

Intake pressure sensor: reflects the change in the absolute pressure within the intake manifold, and provides a reference signal for calculating the fuel injection duration to the ECU (engine electronic control unit);

Air flow meter: measures the amount of air sucked by the engine and provides it to the ECU as a reference signal for the injection time;

Throttle position sensor: measures the angle at which the throttle is opened, and provides the ECU as a reference signal for oil cut, fuel/air ratio control, and ignition advance angle correction;

Crankshaft position sensor: detects the crankshaft and engine speed, and provides it to the ECU as a reference signal for determining the ignition timing and the working sequence;

Oxygen sensor: detects the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas and supplies it to the ECU as a reference signal for controlling the fuel/air ratio in the vicinity of the optimum value (theoretical value);

Intake air temperature sensor: detects the intake air temperature and provides it to the ECU as a calculation of air density.

Coolant temperature sensor: detects the temperature of the coolant and provides engine temperature information to the ECU;

Knock sensor: Installed on the cylinder to specifically detect the deflagration of the engine, and provide the ECU with the ignition advance angle adjusted according to the signal.

These sensors are primarily used in transmissions, steering gears, suspensions and ABS.

Transmission: There are vehicle speed sensor, temperature sensor, shaft speed sensor, pressure sensor, etc., the direction indicator has a rotation angle sensor, a torque sensor, a hydraulic sensor;

Suspension: There are vehicle speed sensor, acceleration sensor, body height sensor, roll angle sensor, corner sensor and so on.