Electric vehicle brushless motor controller drive circuit diagram
•The composition and working principle of brushless DC motor
(1) Composition of brushless motor
The brushless DC motor consists of two parts, the rotor and the stator, as shown in Figure 3.
(2) Working principle of brushless DC motor
The brushless DC motor adopts a square wave self-controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the Hall sensor replaces the brush commutator. The signal line of the Hall sensor transmits the position of the magnet in the motor relative to the winding coil according to the signals of the three Hall sensors. It can be known how to supply the coil of the motor at this time (different Hall letters should provide the current to the motor windings in the corresponding direction), that is to say, the state of the Hall sensor is different, and the direction of the current of the coil is different.
The Hall signal is transmitted to the controller, and the controller supplies power to the motor winding through a thick wire (not a Hall wire), the motor rotates, and the magnetic steel and the winding (accurately the coil wound around the stator, in fact, the Hall is generally mounted on the stator The rotation occurs, the Hall sensor induces a new position signal, and the thick line of the controller supplies power to the motor winding that changes the direction of the current. The motor continues to rotate (when the position of the winding and the magnet changes, the winding must change accordingly) The direction of the current so that the motor can continue to move in one direction, otherwise the motor will oscillate from side to side at a certain position instead of continuously rotating. This process is electronic commutation.
The brushless DC motor is powered by a DC power supply, and the position sensor is used to detect the position of the rotor. The detected signal triggers the corresponding electronic commutation line to achieve contactless commutation.
The brushless DC motor replaces the brush and the commutator with an electronic switch and a position sensor, converts the direct current into an analog three-phase alternating current, and changes the speed by changing the pulse width and changing the current.
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