Common fault diagnosis and treatment of single-phase asynchronous motor!
First, the common fault diagnosis and treatment of single-phase motor
1. The power supply voltage is normal, the motor does not start after power-on.
1) The power wiring is open (the motor is completely silent). There should be no voltage across the measurement terminals.
2) The main winding or auxiliary winding is open. The method of measuring the DC resistance can be used to determine whether or not the circuit is open.
3) The centrifugal switch contact is not closed, so that the auxiliary winding can not be energized. The connection point of the main winding and the auxiliary winding is disconnected, and then determined by measuring the DC resistance, or by the method of the second part.
4) The start capacitor wiring is open or internally open. The search method is the same as item 3) above.
5) Open/drop the shaded pole motor (short-circuit ring). For the short-circuit ring to be set externally, it can be found by observation, otherwise it can be determined by the method of the second part.
6) For the series-excited motor, the brush cannot be connected to the commutator due to the short brush or jam, or the brush lead is disconnected, or the armature winding or the field winding is open internally.
2. The power supply voltage is normal. After the power is turned on, the motor rotates at a low speed. There is a “beep” sound and vibration, and the current does not drop.
1) The load is too heavy.
2) The motor stator and rotor are rubbed. An abnormal rubbing sound will be emitted.
3) The bearing is stuck due to poor bearing assembly, grease consolidation in the bearing, bearing roller bracket or roller damage.
4) For series-excited motors, short-circuit between commutating segments or internal short-circuit of armature windings, or excessive deviation of the brush from the centerline (motors that can move the brush).
3. After the power is turned on, the power fuse is blown quickly
1) A severe short circuit between winding turns or ground. Measure the DC resistance. If the value is much smaller than the normal value, it is the short circuit between the windings. The severe short circuit to the ground can be measured by the insulation resistance meter or the high resistance file of the multimeter (for example, R×1k). The current will be greater than the rated value.
2) The motor leads the phase line to ground. The inspection method is the same as the fault item 1).
3) The capacitor is shorted. This is determined by measuring the DC resistance between the ends of the start winding circuit (including the capacitor and the start winding, excluding the centrifugal switch) with a lower resistance of the multimeter (eg, R x 1).
4) The centrifugal switch is shorted to ground. The inspection method is the same as item 1).
5) The load is too heavy. The sound will be abnormal and the current will be greater than the rated value.
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