Analysis on PCB Circuit Design of Generator Set Automatic Voltage Regulator
The genset automatic voltage regulator PCB circuit has the characteristics of good voltage regulation performance, strong adaptability and low cost. It can be used for automatic voltage regulation of various medium and small internal combustion generator sets and hydropower stations, and can also be used to retrofit old generator sets.
PCB circuit working principle The generator set automatic voltage regulator PCB circuit is synchronously triggered by the power supply PCB circuit, the relaxation oscillation trigger, the voltage regulation control PCB circuit, the reactive current adjustment PCB circuit, and the external power insufficient protection PCB circuit.
The synchronous trigger power supply PCB circuit is composed of a power transformer T, a rectifier diode VD4~VD9, a Zener diode VS1 and a resistor R1.
The relaxation oscillation trigger PCB circuit is composed of a transistor V2, a single junction transistor VU, resistors R2 to R5, and capacitors C2 and C3.
The voltage-stabilized control PCB circuit is composed of a power transformer T, a rectifier diode VD10~VD15, a resistor R6~R8, a potentiometer RP2, a capacitor C1 and a Zener diode VS2, VS3.
The reactive current adjustment PCB circuit is composed of a current transformer TA, a potentiometer RP1, a switch S1, and rectifier diodes VD16~VDl9.
The excitation PCB circuit is composed of the equal excitation winding WE of the alternator G; the diodes VD1, VD2, the normally closed contacts K1~1 of the thyristors VT, K1, and the fuse FU1.
The external power insufficient protection PCB circuit is composed of resistors R9~Rl2, diodes VD25~VD31, transistor V1, capacitors C4~C8 and relay K2.
The magnetizing PCB circuit is composed of a magnetizing button S2, diodes VD2O~VD24, K1 normally closed contacts K1~2, fuses FU2 and T's W4 windings.
After the three-phase AC voltage from the generator G is stepped down by the T, a 30V three-phase sinusoidal AC voltage is generated on the W5~W7 winding of the T, and an 18V three-phase sinusoidal AC voltage is generated on the W8~W1O winding. The voltage on the W5~W7 winding is rectified by VD4~VD9, R1 current limiting and VS1 voltage regulation, generating 15V trapezoidal DC voltage as the synchronous power supply of the relaxation oscillation trigger; the voltage on the W8~W1O winding is VD1O ~VD15 rectification, R6 and RP2 current limiting buck and C1 filtering, through the bridge measurement PCB circuit composed of R7, R8 and VS2, VS3 is added to the relaxation oscillation trigger as its control signal voltage.
When the generator G just starts generating electricity, the voltage across C (the input voltage of the bridge measuring PCB circuit) is low, VS2 and VS3 are not conducting, and the relaxation oscillation trigger does not work. When the terminal voltage of the generator G rises to 200V, VS2 and VS3 are turned on to make the relaxation oscillation trigger work, and the pulse wave signal is output from the first base of the VU, and the signal is applied to the gate of the VT via VD3. As its trigger signal. In this way, the generator establishes a no-load voltage in a short time.
The electric power generator automatic voltage regulator PCB circuit introduced in this example has the characteristics of good voltage regulation performance, strong adaptability and low cost. It can be used for automatic voltage regulation of various medium and small internal combustion generator sets and hydropower stations, and can also be used for transformation. Vintage generator set.
PCB circuit working principle The generator set automatic voltage regulator PCB circuit is synchronously triggered by the power supply PCB circuit, the relaxation oscillation trigger, the voltage regulation control PCB circuit, the reactive current adjustment PCB circuit, and the external power insufficient protection PCB circuit.
The synchronous trigger power supply PCB circuit is composed of a power transformer T, a rectifier diode VD4~VD9, a Zener diode VS1 and a resistor R1.
The relaxation oscillation trigger PCB circuit is composed of a transistor V2, a single junction transistor VU, resistors R2 to R5, and capacitors C2 and C3.
The voltage-stabilized control PCB circuit is composed of a power transformer T, a rectifier diode VD10~VD15, a resistor R6~R8, a potentiometer RP2, a capacitor C1 and a Zener diode VS2, VS3.
The reactive current adjustment PCB circuit is composed of a current transformer TA, a potentiometer RP1, a switch S1, and rectifier diodes VD16~VDl9.
The excitation PCB circuit is composed of the equal excitation winding WE of the alternator G; the diodes VD1, VD2, the normally closed contacts K1~1 of the thyristors VT, K1, and the fuse FU1.
The external power insufficient protection PCB circuit is composed of resistors R9~Rl2, diodes VD25~VD31, transistor V1, capacitors C4~C8 and relay K2.
The magnetizing PCB circuit is composed of a magnetizing button S2, diodes VD2O~VD24, K1 normally closed contacts K1~2, fuses FU2 and T's W4 windings.
After the three-phase AC voltage from the generator G is stepped down by the T, a 30V three-phase sinusoidal AC voltage is generated on the W5~W7 winding of the T, and an 18V three-phase sinusoidal AC voltage is generated on the W8~W1O winding. The voltage on the W5~W7 winding is rectified by VD4~VD9, R1 current limiting and VS1 voltage regulation, generating 15V trapezoidal DC voltage as the synchronous power supply of the relaxation oscillation trigger; the voltage on the W8~W1O winding is VD1O ~VD15 rectification, R6 and RP2 current limiting buck and C1 filtering, through the bridge measurement PCB circuit composed of R7, R8 and VS2, VS3 is added to the relaxation oscillation trigger as its control signal voltage.
When the generator G just starts generating electricity, the voltage across C (the input voltage of the bridge measuring PCB circuit) is low, VS2 and VS3 are not conducting, and the relaxation oscillation trigger does not work. When the terminal voltage of the generator G rises to 200V, VS2 and VS3 are turned on to make the relaxation oscillation trigger work, and the pulse wave signal is output from the first base of the VU, and the signal is applied to the gate of the VT via VD3. As its trigger signal. In this way, the generator establishes a no-load voltage in a short time.
