Advantages and Disadvantages of Three Driving Methods for Stepper Motors
The development of drive technology, from the original foreign ones to the emergence of various domestic excellent technologies, can be seen in the progress of domestic technology, but also can be seen that every technological innovation will bring several market revolutions to guide the market with high-end technology. .
Constant voltage drive
Single-voltage driving means that during the operation of the motor winding, only one direction voltage is used to supply power to the winding, and multiple windings alternately supply voltage. This method is an older driver, and it is basically no longer needed.
Advantages: simple circuit, few components, simple control, simple to implement
Disadvantages: It is necessary to provide a triode with a large enough current for switching processing. The stepping motor has a relatively low running speed, the motor vibration is relatively large, and the heat is large. Since it is no longer used, it is not described much.
2. High and low voltage drive
Due to the above-mentioned shortcomings of the constant voltage drive and the further development of the technology, new high and low voltage drives have been developed to improve some of the shortcomings of constant voltage driving. The principle of high and low voltage driving is to use high voltage control when the motor moves to the whole step. Low pressure control is used when moving to half step, and low pressure is used for stopping.
Advantages: High and low voltage control improves vibration and noise to a certain extent. For the first time, the concept of step-by-step control of stepping motor is proposed. At the same time, the working mode of halving current at stop is also proposed.
Disadvantages: The circuit is relatively complex with constant voltage driving, and the high-frequency characteristics of the triode are required to be improved. The low-speed motor still vibrates relatively loudly, and the heat is still relatively large. Basically, this driving mode is not used.
3. Self-excited constant current chopper drive
The self-excited constant current chopper drive works by hardware design. When the current reaches a certain set value, its current is turned off by hardware, and then the other winding is energized, and the current of the other winding is energized to a fixed value. When the current is current, it can be turned off by hardware, and so on, the stepper motor is driven.
Advantages: The noise is greatly reduced, the speed is improved to some extent, and the performance is improved compared with the first two.
Disadvantages: The circuit design requirements are relatively high, the circuit anti-interference requirements are relatively high, easy to cause high frequency, burn out the drive components, and the component performance requirements are relatively high.
